Latex Node Graphs using Tikz

The node graphs can be drawn with the use of the tikz environment as well.

You can draw the circles around the vertices or can use them directly. The commands used for styles are different from those in block diagrams or flow charts. The command to draw vertex is named by node, and the command to draw an edge is named by the edge.

The commands used in the Latex are mostly derived from the common words, which can be easily understand and implement within the code.

Before beginning the shapes, you need to mention some environments. You must include your text and command within these environments only, which are given below:

  documentclass[10pt]{article} % you can change the point size according to the requirements  usepackage{xcolor} % package crucial to implement colors  usepackage{tikz} % package used for the tikz  begin{document}  begin{tikzpicture} % tikz environment   ………………..  end{tikzpicture}  end{document}  

With the use of points on the x-axis and y-axis, you can draw any shape. The common shapes used in the Latex using Tikz are given below:

Circle

The command used to draw a circle is draw (1,1) circle (1);

Here, (1, 1) are the point on x and y-axis, while the (1) is the radius of the circle.

The output of the above circle will look like the image given below:

Triangle

The command used to draw a triangle is given below:

Output:

You can change the position of points of the x and y-axis according to the requirements.

You can also fill the color inside the triangle by using the command given below:

Output:

To increase the width of the triangle, you can use the command given below:

Output:

You can also draw the color pattern inside the triangle by using the command given below:

  path[clip, draw] (2,2)–(3,3)–(4,2)–cycle;  path[fill=blue!40] (3, 2.7) circle (.7);  

Output:

You can also use any shape instead of the triangle.

Ellipse

To draw the ellipse, you need to use the below command:

Here, (0, 0) is the point at the origin, and 30pt and 22pt are the dimensions to draw the ellipse.

Output:

You can also mix two colors accordingly.

The command for such example is written as:

Output:

Using such methods, you can create any shape according to your choice.

Let-s begin with the node graph.

The code to create a simple node graph is given below:

  documentclass{article}  usepackage{tikz}  begin{document}    begin{tikzpicture}    [scale=.9,auto=center,every node/.style={circle,fill=blue!20}] % here, node/.style is the style pre-defined, that will be the default layout of all the nodes. You can also create different forms for different nodes.        node (a1) at (1,2) {1};    node (a2) at (2,5)  {2}; % These all are the points where we want to locate the vertices. You can create your diagram first on a rough paper or graph paper; then, through the points, you can create the layout. Through the use of paper, it will be effortless for you to draw the diagram on Latex.    node (a3) at (3,7)  {3};    node (a4) at (3,2.5) {4};    node (a5) at (5,6)  {5};    node (a6) at (5,3)  {6};    node (a7) at (7,5)  {7};      draw (a1) — (a2); % these are the straight lines from one vertex to another    draw (a2) — (a3);    draw (a2) — (a4);    draw (a4) — (a6);    draw (a3) — (a5);    draw (a6) — (a7);    draw (a5) — (a7);    end{tikzpicture}    end{document}  

Output:

You can also bend the edges of your diagram with a certain angle.

The code to create a node graph with bend edges is given below:

  documentclass[10pt]{article}  usepackage{color}  usepackage{tikz}    % the settings of tikz is used for the optimization of the graphs  usetikzlibrary{shapes, arrows, calc, arrows.meta, fit, positioning} % these are the parameters passed to the library to create the node graphs  tikzset{      -Latex,auto,node distance =1.5 cm and 1.3 cm, thick,% node distance is the distance between one node to other, where 1.5cm is the length of the edge between the nodes      state/.style ={ellipse, draw, minimum width = 0.9 cm}, % the minimum width is the width of the ellipse, which is the size of the shape of vertex in the node graph      point/.style = {circle, draw, inner sep=0.18cm, fill, node contents={}},      bidirected/.style={Latex-Latex,dashed}, % it is the edge having two directions      el/.style = {inner sep=2.5pt, align=right, sloped}  }  begin{document}    begin{tikzpicture}      % a is the name of the node and A is the text inside the node/vertex      node[state] (a) at (0,0) {$A$}; % here, state signifies that the shape of the node will be the shape declared in the above state/.style command.        % you can mention any location such as right, left, above, below, etc.           node[state] (b) [right =of a] {$B$};      node[state] (c) [below =of b] {$C$};      path (a) edge (b); % it is the path of the edge from one node to another        % Bidirected edge      path[bidirected] (a) edge[bend left=60] (b); % this is the basic command in this code. It is used to draw the curved edge with a certain angle. You can change the angle according to the requirements.            path (a) edge (c);       path[bidirected] (a) edge[bend right=60] (c);       draw (b) — (c);        end{tikzpicture}  end{document}  

Output:

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