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Locating Strategies- (By CSS- Sub-String Matches)

In this section, you will learn how to locate a particular web element using CSS – Sub-String Matches Technique.

WebDriver provides an interesting feature of allowing partial string matches using ^, $ and*.

1. Starts with (^):

To select and locate a web element, we would use ^ which means ‘starts with’.

Follow the steps given below to locate the Textbox using partial string matching technique.

• Open URL: https://www.testandquiz.com/selenium/testing.html
• Right click on the Textbox on the sample web page and select Inspect Element

• It will launch a window containing all the specific codes involved in the development of the Text box.

• Take a note of its tag and id attribute.

The Java Syntax for locating a web element through CSS – Sub-String Matches Technique using ^ operator is written as:

Therefore, for locating the Text box on the sample web page we will use the input tag along with the id attribute:

Similarly, for locating the Submit button on the sample web page we will use the button tag along with the id attribute:

We have created a sample script for you to get a better understanding of how to locate a web element through CSS – Sub-String Matches Technique using ^ operator.

2. Ends with ($):

To select and locate a web element, we would use $ which means ‘ends with’.

Follow the steps given below to locate the Textbox using partial string matching technique.

• Open URL: https://www.testandquiz.com/selenium/testing.html
• Right click on the Textbox on the sample web page and select Inspect Element

• It will launch a window containing all the specific codes involved in the development of the Text box.

• Take a note of its tag and id attribute.

The Java Syntax for locating a web element through CSS – Sub-String Matches Technique using $ operator is written as:

Therefore, for locating the Text box on the sample web page we will use the input tag along with the id attribute:

Similarly, for locating the Submit button on the sample web page we will use the button tag along with the id attribute:

We have created a sample script for you to get a better understanding of how to locate a web element through CSS – Sub-String Matches Technique using $ operator.

3. Contains (*):<

To select and locate a web element, we would use * which means ‘sub-string’.

Follow the steps given below to locate the Textbox using partial string matching technique.

• Open URL: https://www.testandquiz.com/selenium/testing.html
• Right click on the Textbox on the sample web page and select Inspect Element

• It will launch a window containing all the specific codes involved in the development of the Text box.

• Take a note of its tag and id attribute.

The Java Syntax for locating a web element through CSS – Sub-String Matches Technique using * operator is written as:

driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(“Tag[attribute*=sub-string]”))

Therefore, for locating the Text box on the sample web page we will use the input tag along with the id attribute:

driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(“input[id*=’id’]”))

We can also use ‘contains()’ in place of * operator

driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(“input:contains(‘id’)”))

We have created a sample script for you to get a better understanding of how to locate a web element through CSS – Sub-String Matches Technique using $ operator.

import org.openqa.selenium.By; import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver; public class SampleSeven { public static void main(String[] args) { // System Property for Chrome Driver System.setProperty(“webdriver.chrome.driver”,”D:\ChromeDriver\chromedriver.exe”); // Instantiate a ChromeDriver class. WebDriver driver=new ChromeDriver(); // Launch Website driver.navigate().to(“https://www.testandquiz.com/selenium/testing.html”); // Click on the textbox and send value driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(“input[id*=’id’]”)).sendKeys(“TutorAspire C++ Tutorial”); // Close the Browser driver.close(); } }
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