Arithmetic Operator in C

Operators are the special symbols in the C programming language, which is used to perform various mathematical and logical operations on the given operands to return the appropriate results. There are various operators in the C programming language such as Arithmetic Operators, Relational Operators, Shift Operators, Logical Operators, Bitwise Operators, Ternary or Conditional Operators, and Assignment Operators. But here, we will understand only the Arithmetic Operator in the C programming language.

Arithmetic Operator is used to performing mathematical operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, modulus, etc., on the given operands.

For example: 5 + 3 = 8, 5 – 3 = 2, 2 * 4 = 8, etc. are the examples of arithmetic operators. Let’s discuss the different types of Arithmetic Operators in the C programming.

Plus Operator

It is a simple Plus (+) Operator used to add two given operands. We can use Plus Operator with different data types such as integer, float, long, double, enumerated and string type data to add the given operand.

Syntax

For example, there are two operands, 5 and 6, and we want to get the sum of these numbers. Therefore, we use the ‘+’ Operator between the given numbers that return integer data 11.

Program1.c

  #include   #include   int main ()  {  // declare integer variables  int num1, num2, res;   // declare float data type number  float f1, f2, res1;  // declare double variables  double d1, d2, res2;  printf (” Enter two integer numbers: “);  scanf (“%d %d”, &num1, &num2);  res = num1 + num2; // use + operator    printf (” Enter two float numbers: n “);  scanf (“%f %f”, &f1, &f2);  res1 = f1 + f2; // use + operator    printf (” Enter two double data type numbers: n “);  scanf (“%lf %lf”, &d1, &d2);  res2 = d1 + d2; // use + operator  printf (” The sum of two integer numbers: %d n”, res);  printf (” The sum of two float numbers: %f n “, res1);  printf (” The sum of two double numbers: %lf”, res2);  return 0;  }  

Output

Enter two integer numbers: 25  35   Enter two float numbers:   79.21  67.79   Enter two double data type numbers:   234.123  345.341   The sum of two integer numbers: 60   The sum of two float numbers: 147.000000  The sum of two double numbers: 579.464000

Minus Operator

The minus operator is denoted by the minus (-) symbol. It is used to return the subtraction of the first number from the second number. The data type of the given number can be different types, such as int, float, double, long double, etc., in the programing language.

Syntax

For example, there are two operands, 15 and 6, and we want their subtraction result. So, we use the ‘-‘ Operator between the given numbers that return data 9.

Program2.c

  /* program to subtract the two numbers using minus operator */  #include   #include   int main ()  {  // declare integer variables  int num1, num2, res;   // declare float data type number  float f1, f2, res1;  // declare double variables  double d1, d2, res2;  printf (” Enter two integer numbers: “);  scanf (“%d %d”, &num1, &num2);  res = num1 – num2; // use + operator    printf (” Enter two float numbers: n “);  scanf (“%f %f”, &f1, &f2);  res1 = f1 – f2; // use + operator    printf (” Enter two double data type numbers: n “);  scanf (“%lf %lf”, &d1, &d2);  res2 = d1 – d2; // use + operator  printf (” The subtraction of two integer numbers: %d n”, res);  printf (” The subtraction of two float numbers: %f n “, res1);  printf (” The subtraction of two double numbers: %lf”, res2);  return 0;  }  

Output

Enter two integer numbers: 56  11   Enter two float numbers:   78.98  56.45   Enter two double data type numbers:   47789.7149  1234.7987   The subtraction of two integer numbers: 45   The subtraction of two float numbers: 22.530003    The subtraction of two double numbers: 46554.916200

Multiplication Operator

The multiplication operator is represented as an asterisk (*) symbol, and it is used to return the product of n1 and n2 numbers. The data type of the given number can be different types such as int, float, and double in the C programing language.

Syntax

For example, there are two operands 15 and 6, and we want to get their product. So, we can use the ‘*’ Operator between the given numbers that return int data 90.

Program3.c

  /* program to multiply two numbers using astrisk (*) operator. */  #include   #include   int main ()  {  // declare integer variables  int num1, num2, res;   // declare float data type number  float f1, f2, res1;  // declare double variables  double d1, d2, res2;  printf (” Enter two integer numbers: “);  scanf (“%d %d”, &num1, &num2);  res = num1 * num2; // use * operator    printf (” Enter two float numbers: n “);  scanf (“%f %f”, &f1, &f2);  res1 = f1 * f2; // use * operator    printf (” Enter two double data type numbers: n “);  scanf (“%lf %lf”, &d1, &d2);  res2 = d1 * d2; // use * operator  printf (” The multiplication of two integer numbers: %d n”, res);  printf (” The multiplication of two float numbers: %f n “, res1);  printf (” The multiplication of two double numbers: %lf”, res2);  return 0;  }  

Output

Enter two integer numbers: 15  12   Enter two float numbers:   2.5  3.5   Enter two double data type numbers:   234.324  798.124   The multiplication of two integer numbers: 180   The multiplication of two float numbers: 8.750000    The multiplication of two double numbers: 187019.608176

Division Operator

The division operator is an arithmetic operator that divides the first (n1) by the second (n2) number. Using division operator (/), we can divide the int, float, double and long data types variables.

Syntax

For example, there are two operands, 25.5 and 5.0, and we want to get their division result. So, we use the ‘/’ Operator between the given numbers that return float data 5.1.

Program4.c

  /* program to divide the first number by second number using division (/) operator. */  #include   #include   int main ()  {  // declare integer variables  int num1, num2, res;   // declare float data type number  float f1, f2, res1;  // declare double variables  double d1, d2, res2;  printf (” Enter two integer numbers: “);  scanf (“%d %d”, &num1, &num2);  res = num1 / num2; // use / operator    printf (” Enter two float numbers: n “);  scanf (“%f %f”, &f1, &f2);  res1 = f1 / f2; // use / operator    printf (” Enter two double data type numbers: n “);  scanf (“%lf %lf”, &d1, &d2);  res2 = d1 / d2; // use / operator  printf (” The division of two integer numbers: %d n”, res);  printf (” The division of two float numbers: %f n “, res1);  printf (” The division of two double numbers: %lf”, res2);  return 0;  }  

Output

Enter two integer numbers: 125  15   Enter two float numbers:   214.32  248.56   Enter two double data type numbers:   4243.7691  687.434   The division of two integer numbers: 8   The division of two float numbers: 0.862247    The division of two double numbers: 6.173348

Modulus Operator

The modulus operator is represented by the percentage sign (%), and it is used to return the remainder by dividing the first number by the second number.

Syntax

For example, there are two operands 25 and 4, and we want to get their modulus result. So, we use the ‘%’ operator in between the given numbers that return remainder 1.

Program5.c

  /* program to return the remainder of two numbers using modulus (%) operator. */  #include   #include   int main ()  {  // declare integer variables  int num1, num2, res;     printf (” Enter two integer numbers: “);  scanf (“%d %d”, &num1, &num2);  res = num1 % num2; // use % operator    printf (” The modulus of two integer numbers: %d n”, res);    return 0;  }  

Output

Enter two integer numbers: 35  3   The modulus of two integer numbers: 2

Increment Operator

Increment Operator is the type of Arithmetic operator, which is denoted by double plus (++) operator. It is used to increase the integer value by 1.

Syntax

For example, suppose the integer value of A is 10, the increment operator increases the operand value by 1, which returns 11.

Program6.c

  /* program to demonstrate the increment (++) operator. */  #include   #include   int main ()  {  // declare integer variables  int num1, res;     printf (” Enter the positive number: “);  scanf (“%d”, &num1);  res = num1++; // use increment operator    printf (” The incremented value is: %d “, num1);  return 0;  }  

Output

Enter the positive number: 10   The incremented value is: 11

Decrement Operator

Decrement Operator is denoted by the double minus (–) symbol, which decreases the operand value by 1.

Syntax

For example, suppose the integer value of A is 10, the decrement operator decreases the operand value by 1 that returns 9.

Program7.c

  /* program to demonstrate the decrement operator (–) in the Arithmetic Operator. */  #include   #include   int main ()  {  // declare integer variables  int num1, res;     printf (” Enter the positive number: “);  scanf (“%d”, &num1);  res = num1–; // use decrement operator    printf (” The decremented value is: %d “, num1);  return 0;  }  

Output

Enter the positive number: 10   The decremented value is: 9

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Arithmetic Operator in C

Arithmetic Operator in C

Plus Operator

Minus Operator

Multiplication Operator

Division Operator

Modulus Operator

Increment Operator

Decrement Operator

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