Android Service Tutorial
Android service is a component that is used to perform operations on the background such as playing music, handle network transactions, interacting content providers etc. It doesn’t has any UI (user interface).
The service runs in the background indefinitely even if application is destroyed.
Moreover, service can be bounded by a component to perform interactivity and inter process communication (IPC).
The android.app.Service is subclass of ContextWrapper class.
Note: Android service is not a thread or separate process.
Life Cycle of Android Service
There can be two forms of a service.The lifecycle of service can follow two different paths: started or bound.
- Started
- Bound
1) Started Service
A service is started when component (like activity) calls startService() method, now it runs in the background indefinitely. It is stopped by stopService() method. The service can stop itself by calling the stopSelf() method.
2) Bound Service
A service is bound when another component (e.g. client) calls bindService() method. The client can unbind the service by calling the unbindService() method.
The service cannot be stopped until all clients unbind the service.
Understanding Started and Bound Service by background music example
Suppose, I want to play music in the background, so call startService() method. But I want to get information of the current song being played, I will bind the service that provides information about the current song.
Android Service Example
Let’s see the example of service in android that plays an audio in the background. Audio will not be stopped even if you switch to another activity. To stop the audio, you need to stop the service.
activity_main.xml
Drag the 3 buttons from the pallete, now the activity_main.xml will look like this:
activity_next.xml
It is the layout file of next activity.
It contains only one textview displaying the message Next Page
Service class
Now create the service implemenation class by inheriting the Service class and overridding its callback methods.
Activity class
Now create the MainActivity class to perform event handling. Here, we are writing the code to start and stop service. Additionally, calling the second activity on buttonNext.
NextPage class
Now, create another activity.
Declare the Service in the AndroidManifest.xml file
Finally, declare the service in the manifest file.
Let’s see the complete AndroidManifest.xml file
Output: